Solved Match the checkpoint to its functionSpindleassembly Biology Diagrams Genome stability is essential for cell proliferation and survival. Consequently, genome integrity is monitored by two major checkpoints, the DNA damage response (DDR) and the spindle assembly checkpoint (SAC). The DDR monitors DNA lesions in G1, S, and G2 stages of the cell cycle and the SAC ensures proper chromosome segregation in M phase. The spindle checkpoint, also known as the metaphase-to-anaphase transition, the spindle assembly checkpoint (SAC), the metaphase checkpoint, or the mitotic checkpoint, is a cell cycle checkpoint during metaphase of mitosis or meiosis that prevents the separation of the duplicated chromosomes until each chromosome is properly attached to the
Author Summary Checkpoints are surveillance pathways that monitor and correct cellular errors to ensure that the genome is transmitted intact through cell division; defects in checkpoints lead to human disease such as cancer. Two major checkpoint pathways that have been extensively studied are the DNA damage response and the spindle assembly checkpoint. As their names imply, they have been The spindle assembly checkpoint detects defects in spindle structure or in the alignment of chromosomes on the spindle, and delays the onset of chromosome segregation (anaphase) until these defects are corrected. Disruption of the spindle with microtubule-depolymerizing drugs such as nocodazole and colchicine arrests cells in mitosis (reviewed The transmission of a complete set of chromosomes to daughter cells during cell division is vital for development and tissue homeostasis. The spindle assembly checkpoint (SAC) ensures correct
Evidence That a Defective Spindle Assembly Checkpoint Is Not the ... Biology Diagrams
A second well‐established idiosyncrasy of mammalian oocytes that likely contributes to aneuploidy is that the spindle assembly checkpoint (SAC), which prevents anaphase until all chromosomes achieve proper biorientation and alignment in most cells (Musacchio & Salmon, 2007; Lara‐Gonzalez et al, 2012; Musacchio, 2015) is weak in oocytes.This has been extensively established in oocyte M‐I Evidence that progression through mitosis is carefully monitored was first obtained with the use of drugs that depolymerise microtubules and promote a prolonged mitotic arrest in vertebrate cells [4], [5], [6].Soon afterwards, the existence of a checkpoint at metaphase, now called the spindle assembly checkpoint (SAC), was proposed [7].While it is now widely accepted that the SAC delays The spindle assembly checkpoint (SAC) is a pivotal regulatory mechanism during mitosis that ensures accurate chromosome segregation. Defects in the SAC can lead to severe consequences, including the development of cancer. Mutations or dysregulation of SAC components are implicated in various tumor types, underscoring the importance of this
